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Expertise

Where the gain is real, and where it is not.

Forty-eight practices across twelve practice groups, from commercial litigation to fund structuring. Assistance does not have the same effect on a due diligence exercise and on advocacy: we prefer to say so practice by practice rather than imply a uniform gain.

Antitrust and competition

The gain lies in document review and quantification, never in the meeting with the authority.

PracticeReal gainSlight or no gainTime

Correspondence review, quantification of loss, decision monitoring.

Negotiating commitments before the authority.

−48%

Preparation of responses to requests for information, review of practices against the guidelines, triage of seized documents.

Dawn raids, meetings with the case team, settlement negotiation.

−50%

Filing-requirement analysis across every relevant jurisdiction, market share extraction, preparation of the filing forms.

Pre-notification discussions, remedy trade-offs, timetable negotiated with the authority.

−56%

Corporate

The gain lies in documentary review, never in the negotiation.

PracticeReal gainSlight or no gainTime
04

Corporate finance

Acquisition · fund finance

Review of credit documentation against market standard, extraction of financial covenants, monitoring of events of default.

Negotiating the cost of credit, syndication, the banking relationship.

−49%

Consistency checking of periodic reports, verification of mandatory disclosures, tracking of filing obligations.

The board meeting, trade-offs between shareholders, crisis communications.

−51%

06

Executive compensation

Instruments & gouvernance

Serial review of incentive plans, simulation of leaver scenarios, consistency checking between plan, contract and articles.

Negotiating the package, discussions with the remuneration committee.

−45%

07

Family office practice

Patrimoine & gouvernance familiale

Mapping of holdings and vehicles, review of family agreements, tracking of the structure’s deadlines.

Advising the family, trade-offs between branches, succession decided in the family council.

−42%

Documentary due diligence, contract review against the client playbook, corpus consistency.

Price and warranty negotiation, signing session.

−61%

09

Oil and gas transactions

Amont · midstream

Title and licence audit, offtake contract review, extraction of royalties and of decommissioning obligations.

Negotiation with the host state, relations with the joint venture partners.

−47%

10

Private equity

Mid-cap · cross-border

Portfolio company due diligence, shareholder agreement review, tracking of governance undertakings across a whole portfolio.

Price negotiation, trade-offs between sponsors, relationship with management.

−57%

Production of financing document sets, capitalisation table review, tracking of contractual rights across an entire portfolio.

The decision to invest, valuation, founder mentoring.

−63%

12

Private funds

Luxembourg · Paris · Delaware

Comparison of fund documentation, side letter review, investor questionnaire review.

The fundraising itself, investor relations, the sponsor’s economic trade-offs.

−55%

Review of the professional rules governing ownership, mapping of engagements and of non-compete clauses.

Discussions with the professional body, bringing the partners on board.

−44%

Digital currency and blockchain technology

The gain lies in characterisation and traceability, never in the decision to issue.

PracticeReal gainSlight or no gainTime

Characterisation of tokens under the applicable regimes, review of white papers and published code, tracing of on-chain flows.

The decision to issue, dialogue with the regulator, the economic design of the protocol.

−53%

Employment law

The gain lies in serial handling, never in employee relations.

PracticeReal gainSlight or no gainTime

Compliance review, serial litigation, calculation of awards.

Negotiation with employee representative bodies, employment tribunal hearing.

−35%

16

Employment law – U.S.

Fédéral & États

Review of internal policies against federal and state law, classification checks, serial handling of claims.

Mediation, hearings, dealings with the union.

−38%

Large-scale messaging review, chronology of the alleged facts, consistency checking of statements.

Witness interviews, reporting to the committee, the disciplinary decision.

−56%

Intellectual property and technology

The gain lies in searching and serial review, never in technical expert evidence.

PracticeReal gainSlight or no gainTime
18

Intellectual property

Contentieux & conseil

Prior art, infringement, building proof of use.

Technical expert evidence, advocacy on infringement.

−47%

19

Technology and AI transactions

Logiciel · données · IA

Serial contract review against playbook, open source licence mapping, extraction of service level commitments.

Commercial trade-offs, negotiating a structuring partnership, the client’s internal governance.

−59%

Litigation and arbitration

The gain lies in building the record, never in the hearing.

PracticeReal gainSlight or no gainTime
20

Appellate practice

Cours d’appel · Cassation

Complete re-reading of the first instance record, search for grounds of appeal, citation checking of the briefs.

Advocacy before the court, the strategic choice of which grounds to press.

−50%

21

Arbitration and mediation

CCI · LCIA · CIRDI

Building the evidentiary record, multilingual chronology, published arbitral case law.

Choice of arbitrators, hearing, challenge strategy, the mediation session itself.

−44%

22

Aviation litigation

Sinistres · exploitation

Review of technical reports and maintenance records, flight chronology, applicable treaty framework.

Aeronautical expert evidence, dealings with the families, the hearing.

−42%

Accounting analysis, mapping of security interests, receivable scoring.

Negotiation with creditors, conciliation, plan hearing.

−39%

24

Class action defense

France · États-Unis

Consistent handling of thousands of claims, analysis of class representativeness, review of the documents produced.

The certification hearing, negotiating the settlement agreement.

−60%

25

Commercial litigation

Paris · Londres · New York

Exhaustive search for grounds, mass document analysis, citation verification, red team.

Advocacy, hearing incidents, dealings with the case management judge.

−52%

Reconstruction of the board’s decisions, review of minutes and exchanges, analysis of the insurance cover.

Preparing the director personally, the hearing, dealings with the insurer.

−49%

Review of billing across the whole period at issue, reconciliation of certifications with accounting records, chronology of internal reports.

Discussions with the prosecutor, the decision to settle, the relator’s deposition.

−57%

Reconstruction of flows across decades, comparative reading of successive instruments, review of the fiduciary’s accounts.

Dealings with the heirs, family mediation, the hearing.

−40%

29

Insurance

Couverture & recours

Cross-reading of policies, endorsements and exclusions, chronology of claim notifications, serial handling of claims.

Loss adjusting, negotiation with the insurer, the hearing.

−52%

Analysis of individual files in very large numbers, review of vigilance data, search for internal warnings.

Scientific expert evidence, hearing the claimants, crisis communications.

−62%

31

Professional liability

Professions réglementées

Reconstruction of the file as it stood before the professional, checking of the diligence owed, loss of chance analysis.

Disciplinary hearings, dealings with the professional body, peer expert evidence.

−44%

32

Real estate litigation

Baux · construction

Mass lease review, reconstruction of the landlord and tenant account, review of construction records.

Site visits, court-appointed expert proceedings, negotiation with the tenant.

−43%

33

Securities litigation

Marchés · actions de groupe

Reconstruction of the information published over time, price and volume analysis, review of internal exchanges.

The certification hearing, opposing financial expert evidence, settlement.

−55%

Media, entertainment and sports

The gain lies in rights chains, never in the relationship with the talent.

PracticeReal gainSlight or no gainTime
34

Reconstruction of rights chains, serial review of production and licence agreements, checking of royalty statements.

Negotiating with the talent, editorial judgement, relations with the broadcasters.

−41%

Privacy and data security

The gain lies in systematic checking, never in the decision whether to notify.

PracticeReal gainSlight or no gainTime

Mapping of processing activities, systematic review of processor agreements, checking of transfers outside the Union.

The decision to notify a breach, meetings with the authority, product trade-offs.

−57%

Real estate

The gain lies in portfolio review, never in the site visit.

PracticeReal gainSlight or no gainTime
36

Real estate

France · Royaume-Uni

Mass lease review, title and easement audit, extraction of the financial clauses of an entire portfolio.

Site visits, negotiation with tenants, dealings with local authorities.

−46%

Regional practices

The gain here is slight, and we prefer to say so: these practices rest on relationships.

PracticeReal gainSlight or no gainTime
37

Africa practice

OHADA · francophonie

Research across national laws and OHADA law, comparison of investment regimes, review of state contracts.

Relations with local administrations, local counsel, negotiating on the ground.

−36%

38

Israel practice

Tel-Aviv · cross-border

Review of technology company financing documents, mapping of intellectual property titles, checking of export restrictions.

Relations with founders and local funds, running the fundraising.

−34%

39

Korea practice

Séoul · cross-border

Bilingual document review, comparison of clauses against local standard, tracking of group reporting obligations.

Relations with Korean groups, negotiating on the ground, local business custom.

−33%

Tax

The gain lies in verification, never in the structuring decision.

PracticeReal gainSlight or no gainTime
40

Corporate tax

Structuration · cross-border

Clause-by-clause review of tax consequences, comparison of holding structures, monitoring of guidance and treaties.

The final structuring decision, advance rulings, tax audits.

−41%

41

Private clients

Transmission & trusts

Mapping of assets and holding vehicles, comparison of succession structures, tracking of reporting obligations.

Advising the family, trade-offs between heirs, the decision to pass assets on.

−37%

42

Tax litigation

Contrôle & juridictions

Reconstruction of the positions taken year by year, preparation of responses to requests, research into the applicable guidance and case law.

Meetings with the inspector, the tax commission, the hearing.

−46%

White collar defence and regulation

The gain lies in the document mass, never in the interview or the police custody.

PracticeReal gainSlight or no gainTime
43

Criminal defense

France · international

Mass document analysis, chronology, consistency of statements.

Police custody, judicial investigation, criminal hearing. No gain.

−22%

44

Screening of counterparties and flows, reconstruction of ownership chains, monitoring of the lists and applicable regimes.

Licence applications, meetings with the authority, the decision to exit a market.

−61%

45

FCPA/anti-corruption

FCPA · Sapin II

Third-party intermediary diligence, review of payments and expenses, country-by-country risk mapping.

Employee interviews, the decision to self-report, negotiating the resolution.

−58%

E-discovery, messaging review, risk mapping.

Interviews, reporting to the audit committee.

−58%

47

Regulatory compliance

AMF · CSSF · SEC

Review of compliance programmes, preparation of examination files, checking of marketing materials and regulatory filings.

Meetings with the regulator, the decision to self-report, settlement.

−54%

48

Regulatory enforcement

AMF · ACPR · SEC

Response to the regulator’s requests, reconstruction of the conduct alleged, research into comparable enforcement outcomes.

The hearing before the enforcement committee, negotiating the settlement.

−44%

“Time” column: observed reduction in handling time at constant case scope, measured on cases closed over the last three financial years. It says nothing about the quality of the outcome, which is the subject of the method page.

Sectors

Industry & energy

14 active cases

Financial services

22 active cases

Asset management & funds

19 active cases

Health & life sciences

9 active cases

Technology & data

31 active cases

Retail & luxury

17 active cases

Real estate & hospitality

13 active cases

Infrastructure & construction

11 active cases

Transport & logistics

8 active cases

Public sector & concessions

6 active cases